Governance:
- First President of Indian National Congress: Womeshchandra Bannerjee (1885)
- First President of the Indian National Congress of independent India: Acharya Kriplani (1947)
- First President of India: Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1905-1962)
- First Prime Minister: Jawaharlal Nehru (1947-64)
- First women President : Pratibha Patil (2007-2014)
- First Chief Election Commissioner: Sukumar Sen
- First Industries and Supplies Minister: Shyam Prasad Mukherjee
- First Vice-President: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- First Deputy Prime Minister: Vallabhbhai Patel (1947-50)
- First Law Minister: Dr. B R Ambedkar
- First Leader of Opposition: A K Gopalan
- Non-Congress government: Janata Party (1977-1980 with Morarji Desai as PM)
- Non-Congress State government with majority by single party: E M S Namboodiripad of CPI Kerala (1957)
- Prime Minister to lead minority government for for a full term: P V Narsimha Rao (1991-1996)
- Person outside Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as prime Minister for a full term: P V Narsimha Rao (1991-1996)
- First women Railway Minister: Mamta Banerjee
- First Viceroy of India: Lord Canning (1858)
- Governor General of India: Warren Hastings (1773)
- Governor General of Independent India: Lord Mountbatten (1947)
- Indian Governor General of Indian Union: C Rajagopalachari (1948)
- First Sikh Prime Minister of India: Manmohan Singh (2004-2014)
- First Muslim President: Zakir Hussain: (1967-1969)
- Indian ICS Officer: Satyendranath Tagore (1863)
- First speaker of Loksabha: G V Malvankar (1952-1956)
- Presentation of First Budget after India's Independence: R K Shanmukhan Chetty (26 Nov 1947)
- First Home Minister of India: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- First Indian President to die in office: Zakir Hussain (3 May 1969)
- First Chief Minister to die in office: C N Annadurai, Tamilnadu
- First Prime Mister to resign from office: Morarji Desai (1979)
- First women Cabinet Minister of India: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
- First women Minister of India: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
- First women Chief Minister: Sucheta Krplani
- First women Governor of a State: Sarojini Naidu (UP, 1947-1949)
- First women speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar
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